Build C major
Start on C and count white-key letter names up to E, then G. A C major triad is C–E–G: three notes that sound together as a chord. You can also play them one at a time from low to high to hear the chord clearly.
Change one note for C minor
Keep C and G where they are, and lower E by one neighboring piano key to the black key called E-flat (E♭). Now the notes are C–E♭–G. That one small move changes the chord from major to minor.
Listen to C–E–G, then C–E♭–G. Words such as “bright” or “gentle” are common listening descriptions; they describe an impression, not a rule about how music must feel.
Play both chords
Play the notes of each chord slowly, one at a time. Give the notes room to sound, and compare what changes. Repeating the notes as a small upward pattern is called an arpeggio.
Explore notes on the online piano, then try the guided lesson Three notes, one chord.
Written for beginner musicians by Playroom, the team behind these browser instruments and practice activities. Our examples reflect the notes and sounds available in this browser practice room.